1102: Queen Matilda was born in 1102, her exact date of birth is unknown 1120: Matilda's elder brother William Audelin and heir to the English throne died in a ship wreck 1125: Matilda, was briefly married to the German Henry V, the Holy Roman Emperor but he died in 1125 1125: Matilda returns to Normandy 1127: In January 1127 King Henry I forced the Barons to swear allegiance to Matilda 1128: Matilda marries Geoffrey of Anjou and they had three sons Henry, Geoffrey, Count of Nantes and her youngest son was called William 1136: Matilda's eldest son, Henry, was born on March 5, 1133 (later, King Henry II of England) 1135: King Henry I dies on December 1 1135: Stephen seizes the throne of England on December 22 1136: The civil war between Stephen and Matilda begins 1139: Matilda arrives in England and her greatest supporter was Robert Earl of Gloucester, who was an illegitimate son of Henry I and step-brother to Matilda 1141: Stephen captured at the Battle of Lincoln in February when Stephen laid siege to Lincoln Castle. He was then imprisoned 1141: April - Matilda was claimed Queen of England 1141: June - Matilda entered London for her coronation but had no support in London and was forced to flee the city. 1141: September 14 - The Rout of Winchester. Stephen's imprisonment was ended when he was exchanged for the Earl of Gloucester who had been captured by Stephen's supporters 1142: Matilda continued plotting against Stephen with the aid of Geoffrey de Mandeville 1143: September - Stephen arrested Geoffrey de Mandeville taking his lands and making him an outlaw and depriving Matilda of one of her most powerful allies 1145: King Stephen captured the castle at Farringdon from Matilda 1147: Robert, Earl of Gloucester died and Matilda gave up her fight for England and she conceded the throne to Stephen 1147: Start of the Second Crusade 1147: Matilda left England for Normandy and spent the rest of her life in a convent 1147: The eldest son of Matilda, Henry, attempted to invade England but he failed 1149: Henry again attempted to invade England but he was driven back to Normandy by Stephen 1153: Henry once again invaded England and Stephen was forced to agree that Henry, the son of Matilda, should be heir to the throne of England instead of his own son, Eustace 1154: King Stephen died in October. In December Henry, the son of Matilda, succeeded King Stephen as King Henry II of England 1167: Matilda died at Rouen in France on 10 September 1167 1167: Matilda was buried in Rouen Cathedral |