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1119: Stephen married Queen Matilda of Boulogne (1105 - 1152) 1120: Matilda's elder brother William Audelin and heir to the English throne died in a ship wreck 1127: In January 1127 King Henry I forced the Barons to swear allegiance to Matilda, afraid of a Civil War breaking out after his death 1128: Matilda marries Geoffrey of Anjou and they had three sons Henry, Geoffrey, Count of Nantes and her youngest son was called William 1136: Matilda's eldest son, Henry, was born on March 5, 1133 (later, King Henry II of England) 1135: King Henry I dies on December 1 1135: Stephen seizes the throne of England on December 22 1136: The civil war between Stephen and Matilda begins. The great supporter of Matilda was Robert Earl of Gloucester, who was an illegitimate son of Henry I and step-brother to Matilda 1141: Stephen captured at the Battle of Lincoln in February when Stephen laid siege to Lincoln Castle. He was then imprisoned 1141: April - Matilda was claimed Queen of England 1141: June - Matilda entered London for her coronation but had no support in London and was forced to flee the city. 1141: September 14 - The Rout of Winchester. Stephen's imprisonment was ended when he was exchanged for the Earl of Gloucester who had been captured by Stephen's supporters 1142: Matilda continued plotting against Stephen with the aid of Geoffrey de Mandeville 1143: September - Stephen arrested Geoffrey de Mandeville taking his lands and making him an outlaw and depriving Matilda of one of her most powerful allies 1145: King Stephen captured the castle at Farringdon from Matilda 1146: March 1 - Pope Eugenius III issues a Papal Bull for a Second Crusade 1147: Robert, Earl of Gloucester died and Matilda gave up her fight for England and she conceded the throne to Stephen 1147: Start of the Second Crusade 1147: Matilda left England for Normandy and spent the rest of her life in a convent 1147: The eldest son of Matilda, Henry, attempted to invade England but he failed 1149: Henry again attempted to invade England but he was driven back to Normandy by Stephen 1153: Henry once again invaded England and Stephen was forced to agree a truce and that Henry, the son of Matilda, should be heir to the throne of England instead of his own son, Eustace 1153: Eustace the son of Stephen was furious and continued the fight but he died suddenly on August 17 1154: November 6 - The Treaty of Wallingford. The agreement of succession of Henry II after Stephen was witnessed by the English Knights Templar. 1154: October 25, 1154. Stephen died in Dover, at Dover Priory, and was buried in Faversham Abbey 1154: December: Henry the son of Matilda succeeded King Stephen as King Henry II of England |